Have a 2012 VW Passat TDI SE with 194k miles on it. I just ran into another issue with it not wanting to start with the DPF light and flashing glow plug light only on while turning over the engine. When it does want to start after 5 or 6 tries, the lights go away. And sometimes it will start and then immediately die, or it will start and drive with no issues, or it will not start at all and just keep turning over.
Some more info on this car, I do have a power draw coming from the newly replaced remanufactured alternator (about 0.6 amps) so I have to unplug the battery every time I park it. I…
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Since you measured aroung 13V-13.2V (Which is a little bit lower than you want it to be) I'd suggest doing this:
Measure these directly on the +/- of the battery.
Let it idle, but turn on all Loads (AC, Heated seating, Windshield, Radio, basically everything that buts a load on the battery/alternator electically)
When you measure, you should not drop below 13.5V and not above 15V
Also try measuring with midrange RPM, also should'nt drop below 13.5V and 15V.
If you see it below 13.5 you should also, before settling on the alternator, measure the Resistance on the Cables that go from the alternator to the battery. If you see a high resistance it could also be corrosion taking place here.
Note: Please disconnect the battery when measuring the resistance in the cable. It should still work but to be 100% sure do it, since the multimeter sends its own current through the cable that could alter the result.
I hope it helps :)